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Key points of hospital lighting design and selection of LED strip lights
Hospital building design
As one of the most complex public buildings, hospital buildings integrate the professionalism, diversity and complexity of the medical system. Different medical spaces have different requirements for hospital building lighting. Not only the functional attributes of each functional room should be considered, but also humanistic care, etc. At the same time, comprehensive consideration and setting should be made in combination with relevant hospital lighting specifications.
Episode Ⅰ Hospital space lighting design principles
All areas of the hospital use high-efficiency lamps to reduce energy consumption and meet national standards and LEED (an internationally certified green building rating system) requirements; hospital lighting accounts for about 20% of the total electricity consumption and is an important part of the hospital's operating costs. Therefore, lighting energy saving is also a focus of the hospital's energy conservation management.
The brightness distribution in each area and room's field of view and the distribution of light in space also need to be reasonably planned, using reasonable structural design and lighting design, combined with intelligent lighting, to make full use of natural lighting, thereby avoiding unnecessary waste of electricity.
At the same time, the medical and patient behaviors and lighting needs in each space are analyzed, the illumination (lighting level requirements for each area and room) is reasonably designed, and the color temperature, color rendering and glare control of lamps are used to meet the requirements of medical functions and improve the patient's medical experience.
Episode Ⅱ Selection of hospital lamp types
Choose clean lamps for places with cleanliness requirements; choose waterproof and dustproof lamps with a higher protection level in places with high humidity or dust; it is recommended to use milky white mask lamps in places where patients need to lie flat for examination, and take care to avoid glare to patients; choose special lamps for places with anti-interference or explosion-proof requirements.
Episode Ⅲ
Design points for different spaces (partial)
① Outpatient Hall
The outpatient public hall is the hub of a hospital, including functions such as registration and medication consultation. The outpatient hall is large in area, where personnel flow is most frequent and the population density is high. It is connected to various departments, corridors, elevators, etc. The overall lighting should be bright, refreshing and clean, avoiding the cold feeling created by high color temperature and low illumination. At the same time, combined with the characteristics of the space and the frequent flow of personnel, the lighting in this area needs to be combined with the signs in the space to facilitate patients to quickly identify.
In the lighting design of the outpatient public hall, embedded LED downlights, surface-mounted LED downlights, hidden LED light strips, non-standard customized decorative lighting fixtures, LED light panels, LED spotlights, etc. are commonly used. The average illumination of the hall should be ≥200Lx (200~500Lx), and the color temperature should be 4000K~5300K. Conditional places should make full use of natural light as much as possible, but the smooth conversion between natural light and artificial lighting should be handled well to prevent the visual discomfort caused by the large difference in brightness between the surrounding corridors. It is also advisable to design a lighting energy-saving control system, using interval, partition control or intelligent lighting control: according to the changes in brightness in the hall or setting the start and stop time, automatically control the opening and closing of the lamps.
② Corridor and nurse station
The corridor is the link between various departments. In addition to meeting the normal walking requirements of doctors, patients and their families, it also serves as a life-saving passage, a passage for lying patients and patients in wheelchairs, and sometimes also has secondary waiting and reception functions.
The average illumination of the corridor does not need to be too high, and the average illumination should be ≥100Lx (100~200Lx). When designing the lighting, the lighting needs should be analyzed according to the users of the corridor. For example, the corridors of wards and examination and treatment departments should be designed without glare from the perspective of patients on the beds, and attention should be paid to the installation position of the lamps; for example, in the secondary waiting corridor of the clinic area, in order to relieve the tension of waiting patients and their families, the waiting corridor should use relatively soft warm white light. At the same time, in order to avoid the discomfort of patients and their families to the changes in light when entering and leaving the clinic, the illumination level design can refer to the illumination requirements of the clinic or be designed one level lower, and the difference should not be too large; for example, the medical corridors in the medical auxiliary area and the corridors of the administrative management and logistics departments, considering the low mobility of personnel, the ceiling lighting of the corridor should have basic conditions such as energy-saving lighting function (adjustable illumination) and easy maintenance; at the same time, the lighting brightness should be reasonably controlled according to the lighting needs of each time period to reduce lighting energy consumption.
The reception desk in the waiting room is where nurses provide services to patients and their families. It should be easy for patients to identify and the lighting should be more eye-catching. The lighting in the waiting room should take into account the average illumination required for the reception desk (300~500Lx). If this cannot be met, local lighting should be set up.
The nurse station of the nursing unit is where the hospital medical staff provides services to patients and their families. It is also the workplace of the nurses in the ward. The lighting is also the most eye-catching in the ward. Local lighting should be set up, and the average illumination should be ≥300Lx (300~500Lx). The color temperature of the lighting in the nurse station should be consistent with the color temperature used in the corridor or waiting room (4000K~5300K).
③ Ward
The ward is a place where patients receive treatment, recover and rest. It is also a workplace for medical staff to examine and treat patients. The lighting requirements are diverse, so a layered lighting design should be adopted.
From the patient's perspective, a soft lighting environment is needed without psychological pressure and tension. From the perspective of medical staff, reasonable lighting should be provided for treatment and nursing work so that the details of patients and medical supplies can be clearly observed; the comfort of the lighting environment, the convenience of lighting control, and the mutual influence between beds in multi-patient wards should also be considered in the ward lighting design.
Natural light should be fully considered during the architectural planning of wards. Adequate natural light can relieve patients' nervousness and psychological stress to a certain extent. Considering that most patients spend a lot of time lying down, it is not appropriate to use direct light sources with high brightness within the field of vision. It is best to use lamps with large beam angles or indirect lighting. The average illumination of the ward should be ≥100Lx (100~200Lx).
Doctors and nurses often go to the ward to examine and treat patients, so high color rendering lamps should be installed on the top of the bed. The lamps should be installed at the end of the bed to avoid being placed on the patient's head and shining directly into the patient's eyes. The illumination of the working surface of the bed area directly below the lamp should be ≥200Lx to facilitate medical staff to care for or observe patients. The color temperature should be selected from 3000K~5000K according to the type of ward to create a warm and soft lighting environment.
To facilitate the reading needs of patients during their recovery, you can also install a narrow-beam reading light at the bedside (or centrally installed on the medical equipment belt). For reading lights placed on the equipment belt, it is advisable to consider independent bedside lights with top and bottom light or bottom light. It is not advisable to install it in the middle of the bedside to avoid discomfort caused by direct vision of bedridden patients and blocking the light when patients sit or stand. If a reading light is installed separately at the bedside, it is necessary to consider not blocking the light when the patient sits or stands. The ward needs to keep the night light on at night. In order not to affect the patient's rest, low-illuminance lamps are generally installed on the wall at the skirting position that does not directly face the patient, and the illumination is controlled at 1~2Lx.
④ Operating Room
The operating room is a place where patients undergo surgery and is an important technical department of the hospital. It has cleanliness requirements for each functional room. According to relevant regulations, operating rooms with cleanliness requirements should use closed clean lamps that are not easy to accumulate dust and are easy to wipe. When embedded in concealed installation, the installation gap should have reliable sealing measures.
The operating room is a clean place, which has high requirements for the structure and installation of lamps. The operating room lighting needs to improve the medical staff's ability to identify and judge the color changes of lesion tissue, blood, lesion contours and surgical operation movements, and improve the color rendering as much as possible. The lamps should have anti-glare function. At the same time, the operating room must also be equipped with emergency lighting (if there is a lamp failure during the operation, it will automatically switch to emergency lighting for 0.1 seconds). The average illumination should be ≥750Lx (750~1500Lx), the color temperature should be 5000K, the general color rendering index Ra should be ≥90, and the color temperature should be adapted to the shadowless lamp.
The advantages of Shenzhen Ailixing Lighting ’s light strips mainly include the following aspects:
Energy saving and environmental protection: Hospital lighting strips mainly use LED technology. Compared with traditional lamps, LED light strips have the characteristics of low power consumption and low heat generation. They can significantly save electricity, reduce carbon emissions, and meet the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection1.
Long lifespan: The service life of LED light strips is generally more than 50,000 hours, which is much longer than traditional lamps, reducing the frequency and cost of replacement and maintenance1.
Flexible and diverse: LED light strips can be cut and connected as needed, suitable for spaces of various shapes and sizes, and can achieve various forms of lighting effects such as straight lines, curves, and planes1.
Rich colors: LED light strips can emit light of multiple colors, and color changes and dynamic modes can be achieved through the controller to meet the needs of different scenes and atmospheres1.
Intelligent control: Hospital lighting systems usually adopt intelligent control technology, which can intelligently adjust lighting brightness and color temperature according to the needs of different areas and times, create a comfortable lighting environment, and improve work efficiency and patient experience2.
Safety protection: The smart hospital lighting system has safety protection functions and can be set up with functions such as emergency lighting and escape indicators to ensure that necessary lighting support is provided in emergencies2.
Easy maintenance: LED light strips have stable performance during long-term use, reducing the frequency of maintenance and replacement, and reducing the hospital's operating costs1.